Dr Arpan Bhattacharyya

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Home » Pituitary » Diabetes Insipidus (DI)

Diabetes Insipidus (DI)

April 24, 2020 by admin

What is Diabetes Insipidus (DI)?

  • diabainein: Greek, “to pass through”
  • insipidus: Latin, “having no flavor”
  • DI is defined as excess passage of large volumes (> 3 L/day) of dilute urine.
diabetes insipidus

What are the causes of excess urination (increased urine volume)?

  1. Diabetes Mellitus or sugar Diabetes,
  2. DI – due to deficiency of circulating Anti- Diuretic hormone- ADH,
  3. Nephrogenic DI – Due to renal resistance to ADH,
  4. Primary polydypsia   polyuria due to excessive drinking,
  5. Gestational (pregnancy) DI – enzyme made by the placenta destroys ADH in the mother.

What is the treatment?

Central diabetes insipidus. Because the cause of this form of diabetes insipidus is a lack of anti-diuretic hormone (ADH), treatment is usually with a synthetic hormone called desmopressin you can take desmopressin as a nasal spray, as oral tablets or by injection.

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus: Low-salt diet, Drug of choice Hydrochlorothiazide.

Gestational Diabetes insipidus: Treatment is Desmopressin nasal spray.

Primary polydipsia: There is no specific treatment for this form of diabetes insipidus, other than decreasing the amount of fluid intake. 

Related

Filed Under: Pituitary Tagged With: Diabetes Insipidus, excess thirst, polyuria, Vasopressin

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